A Catcher in the Rye

J. D. Salinger's famous and enduring chronicle of Holden Caulfield's journey from innocence to experience is the quintessential coming-of-age novel--though it's an unusual one, in which the hero tries to cling to the simplicity of childhood, achieving a kind of maturity almost in spite of himself. As the novel begins, Holden runs away from his stifling prep school, which is full of "phonies" and where he has, in fact, flunked out. Holing up in a New York City hotel, he has a series of small adventures and missed opportunities, all of which emphasize his loneliness and alienation from the world. A visit to his kid sister Phoebe (in which he memorably articulates his confused notion of being a "catcher in the rye") provides a ray of hope for Holden, as do the ducks in Central Park that he worries about so compulsively: though they do indeed disappear in the winter, they return in the spring. The novel's final image, of Phoebe riding the carousel in the park while her brother looks on, in tears, holds out the idea that there may be a future for Holden as well. Salinger's 1951 novel was a bestseller and became an immediate cult favorite, but it has also, over the years, been subject to criticism and even censorship because of its liberal use of profanity, its frank conversations about sex (though no actual sex takes place), and its generally irreverent view of the adult world.

"Repetitive, indecent, often very funny, it is wonderfully sustained by the author, who achieves all those ancient effects to be got from a hero who is in some ways inferior, and in some ways superior, to the reader....Why, then, with all this to admire, do I find something phoney in the book itself?...[T]he adult view of adolescence, insinuated by skilful faking, is agreeable to predictable public taste....[It] is what the consumer needs....The boy's attitudes to religion, authority, art, sex and so on are what smart people would like other people to have, but cannot have themselves, because - Margaret Schiffer (Spectator, 5/30/58)

"Rereading CATCHER today, we're not just captivated by the engaging cadences of Holden's speech, we're aware of being captivated, self-consciously enjoying Salinger's masterly touch and admiring the way he creates an authentic young American hero--even if, compared to, say, Huck Finn, a minor one....Although this hero is in the same mold of outcast adolescent as Twain's young narrator, Holden's story simply doesn't have the social breadth of THE ADVENTURES OF HUCKLEBERRY FINN." - Charles A. Bennett (Chicago Tribune Books, 7/8/01)

"The book never fails to interest me, to make me laugh (out loud, every time), to demonstrate the powers of unembellished writing, to give me written characters I can believe in, to make me respect the author to this day for his unrelenting courage to go his own way." - Tutomu Takahashi (Bookforum, Fall 1998)

"The voice of Holden Caulfield is a voice we instantly recognize, and yet there is just that twist of stylistic intensification that always distinguishes good dialogue....[O]n page after page, [it] is wildly funny, but it is fundamentally a serious book....Holden Caulfield is torn, and nearly destroyed, by the conflict between integrity and love." - Ike Simond (Saturday Review, 7/25/59)

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